Еstate of Saltykovy
Saltykov Estate (Krasnoye, also known as Krasnaya Pakhra) is a historical estate near Moscow from the 17th to early 20th centuries, located in the village of Krasnoye in the Troitsky Administrative District of Moscow. The architectural and park ensemble originally included the main house, the Church of St. John the Theologian (1706), outbuildings, a formal park with linden alleys, and a system of ponds. The area, first documented in 1535 under the name Zubtsovo, was successively a patrimonial estate of the Simonov Monastery, part of the Oprichnina lands of Ivan IV, and a possession of the Cherkassky princes. From 1695, the estate belonged to the Georgian royal Bagrationi dynasty; its owner was Tsarevich Alexander Archilovich, a close associate of Peter I. In 1728, the estate passed to the Dadiani princes, under whom the Baroque estate complex took shape. At the turn of the 18th-19th centuries, the estate transferred to the Saltykov princes, under whom it reached its peak. The estate’s key historical significance is linked to the events of the Patriotic War of 1812. In September 1812, the headquarters of Field Marshal M.I. Kutuzov was located here during the famous Tarutino maneuver. According to contemporaries’ memoirs, Kutuzov and his entourage were quartered in the main house. Later, during the French army’s retreat from Moscow, Napoleon Bonaparte stayed at the estate. It was also here that a French officer carrying important documents was captured by a detachment led by Kutuzov’s aide-de-camp, A.P. Kozhukhov. In 1913, the estate was purchased by statesman S.Y. Witte for his wife, Countess Matilda (Maria) Ivanovna Witte, who became its last private owner. After 1917, the complex was nationalized. Over the years, it housed district administrative offices, a cultural centre, a printing house, and later, recreational facilities. By the late 20th century, the estate had fallen into decline. From the 1990s, its gradual restoration began under its new owner, businessman S.I. Gilvarg. Between 2005 and 2010, the main house was reconstructed with the addition of a mansard floor. As of the 2020s, the territory is divided among various organizations, and access is limited. Krasnoye Estate is a historical and cultural monument associated with key events in Russian history and represents a fine example of Russian estate architecture and landscape art from the 18th-19th centuries.
Address: Moscow, Krasnoe village, 11
